[122], Shackleton returned to the lecture circuit and published his own account of the Endurance expedition, South, in December 1919. They set sail again on New Year's Day, 1908. [155] That same year, on the date of what would have been Shackleton's 137th birthday, Google honoured him with a Google Doodle. Shackleton and. [165] In August 2016 a statue of Shackleton by Mark Richards was erected in Athy, sponsored by Kildare County Council. Event and key to map Time since leaving England Date 8 Shackleton, Worsley, and Crean reach Stromness whaling station 21 months, 12 days May 20th 1916. [24] During the Antarctic winter of 1902, in the confines of the iced-in Discovery, Shackleton edited the expedition's magazine the South Polar Times. [110] The Yelcho took the crew first to Punta Arenas and after some days to Valparaiso in Chile where crowds warmly welcomed them back to civilisation. Study now. [69] Fridtjof Nansen sent an effusive private letter to Emily Shackleton, praising the "unique expedition which has been such a complete success in every respect". Launched in August 1914, the expedition became one of the most famous survival stories of all time after . [88], On 24 February, realising that she would be trapped until the following spring, Shackleton ordered the abandonment of ship's routine and her conversion to a winter station. The Endurance Expedition was a British mission to cross the Antarctic on foot in 1914-17. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton was buried on the island of South Georgia in the South Atlantic Ocean. Where did Ernest Shackleton attend school? [73], None of these enterprises prospered, and his main source of income was his earnings from lecture tours. Shackleton and Scott stayed on friendly terms, at least until the publication of Scott's account of the southern journey in The Voyage of the Discovery. He proved, though,. Born on February 15, 1874 - Sir Ernest Shackleton was an Anglo-Irish explorer who led a total of three voyages to Antarctica. [83] He ultimately selected a crew of 56, twenty-eight on each ship. Why is Shackleton famous? But it's also a terrific story . His plan was to make landfall in Antarctica, hike across the entire continent and sail back to England. [12] The options available were a Royal Navy cadetship at Britannia, which Shackleton could not afford; the mercantile marine cadet ships Worcester and Conway; or an apprenticeship "before the mast" on a sailing vessel. Another noted British explorer, Sir Ernest Shackleton, never reached the South Pole. [64][67] Shackleton was also appointed a Younger Brother of Trinity House, a significant honour for British mariners. Edgeworth David, reached the area of the south magnetic pole. The three men all suffered at times from snow blindness, frostbite and, ultimately, scurvy. [77] Two ships would be employed; Endurance would carry the main party into the Weddell Sea, aiming for Vahsel Bay from where a team of six, led by Shackleton, would begin the crossing of the continent. On his return to England, Shackleton was knighted and was made a Commander of the Royal Victorian Order. [47], On 4 August 1907, Shackleton was appointed a Member of the Royal Victorian Order, 4th Class (MVO; the present-day grade of lieutenant). A UK-led expedition to the Weddell Sea sent a sub to the . [14] Following the outbreak of the Boer War in 1899, Shackleton transferred to the troopship Tintagel Castle where, in March 1900, he met an army lieutenant, Cedric Longstaff, whose father Llewellyn W. Longstaff was the main financial backer of the National Antarctic Expedition then being organised in London. [25], According to steward Clarence Hare, he was "the most popular of the officers among the crew, being a good mixer",[26] though claims that this represented an unofficial rival leadership to Scott's are unsupported. [68] The heroism was also claimed by Ireland: the Dublin Evening Telegraph's headline read "South Pole Almost Reached by an Irishman",[68] while the Dublin Express spoke of the "qualities that were his heritage as an Irishman".[68]. [98] Shackleton's concern for his men was such that he gave his mittens to photographer Frank Hurley, who had lost his during the boat journey. Shackleton's first experience of the polar regions was as third officer on Captain Robert Falcon Scott's Discovery expedition of 19011904, from which he was sent home early on health grounds, after he and his companions Scott and Edward Adrian Wilson set a new southern record by marching to latitude 82S. LONDON, Feb. 5, 2010 -- Whisky bottles belonging to the . Shackleton refused to pack supplies for more than four weeks, knowing that if they did not reach South Georgia within that time, the boat and its crew would be lost. Robert Falcon Scotts British National Antarctic (Discovery) Expedition (190104) as third lieutenant and took part, with Scott and Edward Wilson, in the sledge journey over the Ross Ice Shelf when latitude 821633 S was reached. [118], For his "valuable services rendered in connection with Military Operations in North Russia" Shackleton was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 1919 King's Birthday Honours,[119] and was also mentioned in despatches by General Ironside. [160][161], The expedition very carefully matched legacy conditions, using a replica of the James Caird (named for the project's patron: the Alexandra Shackleton), period clothing (by Burberry), replica rations (both in calorific content and rough constitution), period navigational aids, and a Thomas Mercer chronometer just as Shackleton had used. [132][133] Macklin wrote in his diary: "I think this is as 'the Boss' would have had it himself, standing lonely in an island far from civilisation, surrounded by stormy tempestuous seas, & in the vicinity of one of his greatest exploits. [79], His interviewing and selection methods sometimes seemed eccentric; believing that character and temperament were as important as technical ability,[80] he asked unconventional questions. In 1901, Shackleton was chosen to go on the Antarctic expedition led by British naval officer Robert Falcon Scott on the ship 'Discovery'. A few moments later, at 2:50a.m. on 5 January 1922, Shackleton suffered a fatal heart attack. Disaster struck when his ship, the Endurance, was crushed by ice. He was one of the principal figures of the period known as the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. Thus physicist Reginald James was asked if he could sing;[81] others were accepted on sight because Shackleton liked the look of them, or after the briefest of interrogations. Timeline and Map. Partly this was in search of better professional prospects for the newly qualified doctor, but another factor may have been unease about their Anglo-Irish ancestry, following the assassination by Irish nationalists of Lord Frederick Cavendish, the British Chief Secretary for Ireland, in 1882. Omissions? Four months later, after leading four separate relief expeditions, Shackleton succeeded in rescuing his crew from Elephant Island. Bruce, who had failed to acquire financial backing, was happy that Shackleton should adopt his plans,[75] which were similar to those being followed by the German explorer Wilhelm Filchner. Sir Ernest Shackleton had been counting on Endurance to help him make it ashore . Born on February 15, 1874 - Sir Ernest Shackleton was an Anglo-Irish explorer who led a total of three voyages to Antarctica. The wreck of Sir Ernest Shackleton's wooden ship has been recovered from the ocean depths more than a century after it sank off the coast of Antarctica. Ernest Henry Shackleton British Antarctic Expedition (1907-09) When Ernest Shackleton arrived back in England on 12 June 1903, he found that Scott's 1901-04 expedition, from which had been virtually sacked, was a controversial subject. Ernest H. Shackleton 1874-1922. An extended search for an anchorage at King Edward VII Land proved equally fruitless, so Shackleton was forced to break his undertaking to Scott and set sail for McMurdo Sound, a decision which, according to second officer Arthur Harbord, was "dictated by common sense" in view of the difficulties of ice pressure, coal shortage and the lack of any nearer known base. The fate of Scott's expedition was not then known. Ernest Shackleton, in full Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton, (born February 15, 1874, Kilkea, County Kildare, Irelanddied January 5, 1922, Grytviken, South Georgia), Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer who attempted to reach the South Pole. Instead, he is a hero, the leader who saved his men on one of the most horrific voyages of exploration of the 20th century. To this end, he made preparations for what became the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 19141917. Shackleton and his party set fire to the camp to signal the ship, which received the signal and returned to the camp a few days later, successfully retrieving them. Wiki User. [15] On 17 February 1901, his appointment as third officer to the expedition's ship Discovery was confirmed; on 4 June he was commissioned into the Royal Navy, with the rank of sub-lieutenant in the Royal Naval Reserve. This disparity continued into the 1950s. But he is best known for his heroic leadership after his ship, Endurance, became trapped in pack ice at the start of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 1914-17. [f][75] The transcontinental journey, in Shackleton's words, was the "one great object of Antarctic journeyings" remaining, now open to him. After a few days, with the position at 695'S, 5130'W, Shackleton gave the order to abandon ship, saying, "She's going down! The founder of the family was Abraham Shackleton, a Quaker, who moved to Ireland early in the eighteenth century and started a school at Ballitore, near Dublin. On the contrary, his heart belonged to this great continent, and in 1921 he decided to go back with the Shackleton-Rowett Expedition. When did Ernest Shackleton reach Antarctica? After a medical examination (which proved inconclusive),[34] Scott decided to send Shackleton home on the relief ship Morning, which had arrived in McMurdo Sound in January 1903. [44] Shackleton by this time was making no secret of his ambition to return to Antarctica at the head of his own expedition. This march was not a serious attempt on the Pole, although the attainment of a high latitude was of great importance to Scott, and the inclusion of Shackleton indicated a high degree of personal trust. At 47 years old, Shackleton was on his fourth journey to Antarctica, and the third he had led. Emily Shackleton later recorded: "The only comment he made to me about not reaching the Pole was 'a live donkey is better than a dead lion, isn't it?' A little Ernest Shackleton background. [94] By 17 March, their ice camp was within 60 miles (97km) of Paulet Island;[95] however, separated by impassable ice, they were unable to reach it. The third option was chosen. [168] Blended with a parallel story of a struggling composer, the play retells the adventure of Endurance in detail, incorporating photos and videos of the journey. [82] Shackleton also loosened some traditional hierarchies to promote camaraderie, such as distributing the ship's chores equally among officers, scientists, and seamen.
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