Arbitrary Deprivation of Life and other Unlawful or Politically Motivated Killings, c. Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, f. Arbitrary or Unlawful Interference with Privacy, Family, Home, or Correspondence. )methane emissions: 49.94 megatons (2020 est. Local elections took place in November 2021. names. However, the French language has continued to occupy an These shelters assisted with approximately 220 cases of violence against women during the year. Security forces dispersed political opposition rallies and interfered with the right to organize. The law does not explicitly include this provision. ), 12.7% (2021 est. The judiciary was not always independent or impartial in civil matters and lacked independence in some human rights cases. )expenditures: 70.2 billion (2017 est. The remote location of the camps and lack of government presence resulted in a lack of access by police and courts. 1900: According to Jean-Jacques Sudre, in 1900, mentioning only "clearly definable entities", Algeria was divided President BOUTEFLIKA announced in fall 2017 that Algeria intends to develop its non-conventional energy resources. Coercion in Population Control: There were no reports of coerced abortion or involuntary sterilization. The government maintained two regional womens shelters and was building three additional shelters. The minimum legal age for employment is 16, but younger children may work as apprentices with permission from their parents or legal guardian. The law prohibits discrimination with respect to employment, salary, and work environment based on age, gender, social and marital status, family links, political conviction, disability, national origin and affiliation with a union. During the year, the government deported migrants to Mali. According to the decree, importers must submit to the ministry the title, authors name, editors name, edition, year, International Standard Book Number, and number of copies to be imported. )consumption: 46,945,035,000 cubic meters (2019 est. While the Ministry of Interior oversees the accreditation process for most associations, the president of a local assembly approves applications for communal associations. ), air pollution in major cities; soil erosion from overgrazing and other poor farming practices; desertification; dumping of raw sewage, petroleum refining wastes, and other industrial effluents is leading to the pollution of rivers and coastal waters; Mediterranean Sea, in particular, becoming polluted from oil wastes, soil erosion, and fertilizer runoff; inadequate supplies of potable water, party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlandssigned, but not ratified: Nuclear Test Ban, particulate matter emissions: 35.17 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est. Since the subdivision 2018 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Algeria, An official website of the United States Government. Hotels in Algiers and other major cities continued their practice of refusing to sign rental contracts for meeting spaces with political parties, NGOs, and civil associations without a copy of written authorization from the Ministry of Interior for the proposed gathering. of the colonial period, Algerian departments had a legal status which was supposedly equal to that of the European 1955-08-07: Bne department formed by taking the eastern arrondissements of Constantine department: Bne Since 2014, Algerias reliance on hydrocarbon revenues to fund the government and finance the large subsidies for the population has fallen under stress because of declining oil prices. ), 151.633 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. This information can be put together to approximate the territorial extent of subdivisions. The United Nations or Other International Bodies: The government extended an invitation to the UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances in 2014 and again in 2015, but no visit occurred. ), total: 0.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. After Police arrested blogger Merzoug Touati in January 2017 on charges stemming from his online publication of an interview with a former Israeli diplomat. name is usually the same as the name of its capital, the easiest way to track the changes is to consider them as city 1977-01-12, returning a population of 17,273,000, according to this source. The center The law criminalizes statements denigrating Islam or insulting the Prophet Muhammed or messengers of God. In 2016 police in Setif arrested Slimane Bouhafs, a Christian convert, for posting statements on his Facebook page questioning the morals of the Prophet Muhammed. [7] "Population rsidente par age, par sexe et par wilaya", pdf file downloaded from. With this summons, police may hold a suspect for no more than 48 hours. Penalties for noncompliance include a prison sentence of two to six months and a fine ranging from DZD 100,000 to DZD 200,000 ($850 to $1,701) and DZD 200,000 to DZD 500,000 ($1,701 to $4,251) for repeat offenders. There is no single office charged with this task, but all labor inspectors are responsible for enforcing laws regarding child labor. The Algerian League for Human Rights, a separate but licensed organization based in Constantine, had members throughout the country monitoring individual cases. Webthe machine that won the war irony; Select Page. Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, and other NGOs criticized the governments use of the law to restrict peaceful assembly. The repatriations were conducted in coordination with consular officials from the countries of origin of the migrants, but the migrants were not permitted to challenge their removal. Abuse of Migrants, Refugees, and Stateless Persons: In June the Associated Press (AP) reported that the government had forced an estimated 13,000 migrants over the previous 14 months to walk from Guezzam, Algeria, to Assamakka, Niger as part of the repatriation process. The ministrys Media Directorate is responsible for issuing and renewing accreditations to foreign media outlets operating in the country. NGOs also indicated that some migrants were denied treatment at healthcare facilities. Several members were arrested on September 13 in Bejaia, including the leader of political party Jil Jadid, Soufiane Djilali. NGOs reported that the government threatened hotel and restaurant owners with penalties if they rented rooms to NGOs without official authorization. Algeria is a multiparty republic whose president, the head of state, is elected by popular vote for a five-year term. In January 2018 the government imposed an indefinite suspension on the importation of roughly 850 products, subject to periodic review. Libel/Slander Laws: NGOs and observers criticized the law on defamation as vaguely drafted and said the definitions in the law failed to comport with internationally recognized norms. The law established a national council to address childrens issues, gives judges authority to remove children from an abusive home, and allows sexually abused children to provide testimony on video rather than in court. These presidential appointments are not subject to legislative oversight but are reviewed by the High Judicial Council, which consists of the president, minister of justice, chief prosecutor of the Supreme Court, 10 judges, and six individuals outside the judiciary chosen by the president. Censorship or Content Restrictions: Some major news outlets faced direct and indirect retaliation for criticism of the government. Police arrested protesters throughout the year for violating the law against unregistered public gatherings. ), conventional long form: People's Democratic Republic of Algeriaconventional short form: Algerialocal long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Jaza'iriyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash Sha'biyahlocal short form: Al Jaza'iretymology: the country name derives from the capital city of Algiers, name: Algiersgeographic coordinates: 36 45 N, 3 03 Etime difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)etymology: name derives from the Arabic "al-Jazair" meaning "the islands" and refers to the four islands formerly off the coast but joined to the mainland since 1525, 58 provinces (wilayas, singular - wilaya); Adrar, Ain Defla, Ain Temouchent, Alger, Annaba, Batna, Bechar, Bejaia, Beni Abbes, Biskra, Blida, Bordj Badji Mokhtar, Bordj Bou Arreridj, Bouira, Boumerdes, Chlef, Constantine, Djanet, Djelfa, El Bayadh, El Meghaier, El Meniaa, El Oued, El Tarf, Ghardaia, Guelma, Illizi, In Guezzam, In Salah, Jijel, Khenchela, Laghouat, Mascara, Medea, Mila, Mostaganem, M'Sila, Naama, Oran, Ouargla, Ouled Djellal, Oum el Bouaghi, Relizane, Saida, Setif, Sidi Bel Abbes, Skikda, Souk Ahras, Tamanrasset, Tebessa, Tiaret, Timimoun, Tindouf, Tipaza, Tissemsilt, Tizi Ouzou, Tlemcen, Touggourt, Independence Day, 5 July (1962); Revolution Day, 1 November (1954), history: several previous; latest approved by referendum November 2020amendments: proposed by the president of the republic or through the president with the support of three fourths of the members of both houses of Parliament in joint session; passage requires approval by both houses, approval by referendum, and promulgation by the president; the president can forego a referendum if the Constitutional Council determines the proposed amendment does not conflict with basic constitutional principles; articles including the republican form of government, the integrity and unity of the country, and fundamental citizens liberties and rights cannot be amended; amended 2002, 2008, 2016; last in 2020, mixed legal system of French civil law and Islamic law; judicial review of legislative acts in ad hoc Constitutional Council composed of various public officials including several Supreme Court justices, has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt, citizenship by birth: nocitizenship by descent only: the mother must be a citizen of Algeriadual citizenship recognized: noresidency requirement for naturalization: 7 years, chief of state: President Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE (since 12 December 2019)head of government: Prime Minister Ayman BENABDERRAHMANE (since 7 July 2021), description: bicameral Parliament or Barlaman consists of:Council of the Nation or Majlis al-Umma (174 seats; two-thirds of members indirectly elected by simple majority vote by an electoral college composed of local assemblies within each wilaya, and one-third of members appointed by the president; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years)National People's Assembly or al-Majlis al-Sha'abi al-Watani (407 seats including 8 seats for Algerian diaspora); members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by open-list proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms); note - in March 2021, President TEBBOUNE ordered the number of Assembly seats be reduced to 407 from 462elections: Council of the Nation - last held on 5 February 2022 (next election NA)National People's Assembly - snap election held on 12 June 2021 (next to be held on 12 June 2026)election results: Council of the Nation - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FLN 54, RND 22, Future Front 7, National Construction Movement 5, FFS 4, other 6, independent 18, appointed 58; composition - NANational People's Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FLN 98, MSP 65, RND 58, (Future Front) 48, Movement of National Construction 39, other 15, independent 84; composition - men 374, women 33, percent of women 8.1%; note - total Parliament percent of women 7.3%, highest court(s): Supreme Court or Le Cour Suprme, (consists of 150 judges organized into 8 chambers: Civil, Commercial and Maritime, Criminal, House of Offenses and Contraventions, House of Petitions, Land, Personal Status, and Social; Constitutional Council (consists of 12 members including the court chairman and deputy chairman); note - Algeria's judicial system does not include sharia courtsjudge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the High Council of Magistracy, an administrative body presided over by the president of the republic, and includes the republic vice-president and several members; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Council members - 4 appointed by the president of the republic, 2 each by the 2 houses of Parliament, 2 by the Supreme Court, and 2 by the Council of State; Council president and members appointed for single 6-year terms with half the membership renewed every 3 yearssubordinate courts: appellate or wilaya courts; first instance or daira tribunals, Algerian National Front or FNA [Moussa TOUATI]Algerian Popular Movement or MPA [Amara BENYOUNES]Algerian Rally or RA [Ali ZAGHDOUD]Algeria's Hope Rally or TAJ [Fatma Zohra ZEROUATI]Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Fethi GHARES]Dignity or El Karama [Mohamed DAOUI]El-Bina (Harakat El-Binaa El-Watani) [Abdelkader BENGRINA]El-Islah [Filali GHOUINI]Ennour El Djazairi Party (Algerian Radiance Party) or PED [Badreddine BELBAZ]Front for Justice and Development or El Adala [Abdallah DJABALLAH]Future Front or El Mostakbel [Abdelaziz BELAID]Islamic Renaissance Movement or Ennahda Movement [Mohamed DOUIBI]Justice and Development Front or FJD [Abdellah DJABALLAH]Movement for National Reform or Islah [Filali GHOUINI]Movement of Society for Peace or MSP [Abderrazak MAKRI]National Construction Movement (Harakat Al-bina' Al-watanii) [Abdelkader BENGRINA]National Democratic Rally (Rassemblement National Democratique) or RND [Tayeb ZITOUNI]National Front for Social Justice or FNJS [Khaled BOUNEDJEMA]National Liberation Front or FLN [Abou El Fadhel BAADJI]National Party for Solidarity and Development or PNSD [Dalila YALAQUI]National Reform Movement or Islah [Djahid YOUNSI]National Republican Alliance or ANR [Belkacem SAHLI]New Dawn Party (El-Fajr El-Jadid) [Tahar BENBAIBECHE]New Generation (Jil Jadid) [Soufiane DJILALI]Oath of 1954 or Ahd 54 [Ali Fawzi REBAINE]Party of Justice and Liberty or PLJ [Djamel Ben ZIADI]Rally for Culture and Democracy or RCD [Mohcine BELABBAS]Socialist Forces Front or FFS [Youcef AOUCHICHE]Union for Change and Progress or UCP [Zoubida ASSOUL]Union of Democratic and Social Forces or UFDS [Noureddine BAHBOUH]Vanguard of Liberties (Talaie El Hurriyet) [Abdelkader SAADI]Workers Party or PT [Louisa HANOUNE]Youth Party or PJ [Hamana BOUCHARMA]note: a law banning political parties based on religion was enacted in March 1997, ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BIS, CAEU, CD, FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer), chief of mission: Ambassador Ahmed BOUTACHE (since 26 October 2021)chancery: 2118 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008telephone: [1] (202) 265-2800FAX: [1] (202) 986-5906email address and website: mail@algerianembassy.orghttps://www.algerianembassy.org/consulate(s) general: New York, chief of mission: Ambassador Elizabeth Moore AUBIN (since 9 February 2022)embassy: 05 Chemin Cheikh Bachir, Ibrahimi, El-Biar 16030, Algermailing address: 6030 Algiers Place, Washington DC 20521-6030telephone: [213] (0) 770-08-2000FAX: [213] (0) 770-08-2299email address and website: ACSAlgiers@state.govhttps://dz.usembassy.gov/, two equal vertical bands of green (hoist side) and white; a red, five-pointed star within a red crescent centered over the two-color boundary; the colors represent Islam (green), purity and peace (white), and liberty (red); the crescent and star are also Islamic symbols, but the crescent is more closed than those of other Muslim countries because Algerians believe the long crescent horns bring happiness, five-pointed star between the extended horns of a crescent moon, fennec fox; national colors: green, white, red, name: "Kassaman" (We Pledge)lyrics/music: Mufdi ZAKARIAH/Mohamed FAWZInote: adopted 1962; ZAKARIAH wrote "Kassaman" as a poem while imprisoned in Algiers by French colonial forces, total World Heritage Sites: 7 (6 cultural, 1 mixed)selected World Heritage Site locales: Beni Hammad Fort (c); Djmila (c); Casbah of Algiers (c); M'zab Valley (c); Tassili n'Ajjer (m); Timgad (c); Tipasa (c). The Sahrawi refugees had not sought local integration or naturalization during their 40-year stay in the refugee camps near Tindouf, and the Polisario Front continued to call for a referendum on independence in Western Sahara. ICRC staff visited prisons, and police and gendarme stations under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Justice, and an administrative detention center operated by the Ministry of Interior. Freedom of Association and the Right to Collective Bargaining, b. He was charged with sharing intelligence with a foreign power.. Temporary Protection: The law does not address formal temporary protection, but authorities provided informal, temporary protection to groups such as Syrians and Malians. Men held a large percentage of positions of authority in government and the private sector. ), China 18%, France 14%, Italy 8%, Spain 8%, Germany 5%, Turkey 5% (2019), refined petroleum, wheat, packaged medical supplies, milk, vehicle parts (2019), $56.211 billion (31 December 2021 est. There were no reports of disappearances by or on behalf of government authorities. [9] Encyclopdia Britannica World Atlas, 1957 edition. Declining oil prices have also reduced the governments ability to use state-driven growth to distribute rents and fund generous public subsidies, and the government has been under pressure to reduce spending. The law requires parties to ensure that at least 30 percent of the candidates on their electoral lists are women. )spirits: 0.08 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. made the national language. 1983-12-15: Thirty-one departments re-organized to form 48 provinces (as shown in the first table). codes were assigned to those departments whose names had changed. 1902, because of border adjustments in desert areas. The governments actions included harassment of some critics; arbitrary enforcement of vaguely worded laws; informal pressure on publishers, editors, advertisers, and journalists; and control of an estimated 20 percent of the countrys advertising money and printing capabilities. More than 100,000 Sahrawis are estimated to be living in five refugee camps in southwestern Algeria near Tindouf. Respect for the Integrity of the Person, Including Freedom from: a. A national committee is responsible for monitoring and publishing an annual report on the rights of children. According to AP reports, some migrants died during the 20-kilometer desert march. Under the law, the government may conduct electronic surveillance to prevent terrorist or subversive acts and infractions against state security, pursuant to written authorization from a competent judicial authority. 1848-12-09: By French presidential decree, the civil territory in each province was elevated to a department of See more Algiers Algiers ( al-Jazer, , Alger) is the capital and largest city of Algeria. 1964: Name of Orlansville department changed to El Asnam. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 104 (2020 est. The president has the constitutional authority to appoint and dismiss cabinet members and the prime minister, who is the head of government. Several hundred international election observers from the United Nations, Arab League, African Union, and Organization of Islamic Cooperation monitored voting. ), 27.5% of GDP (2017 est. At the end of the period of detention, the detainee has the right to request a medical examination by a physician of choice within the jurisdiction of the court. If authorities need more than 48 hours to gather additional evidence, they may extend a suspects authorized time in police detention with the prosecutors authorization in the following cases: if charges pertain to an attack on data processing systems, they may extend the time in detention once; if charges relate to state security, they may do so twice; for charges concerning drug trafficking, organized and transnational crime, money laundering, and other currency-related crimes, they may do so three times; and for charges related to terrorism and other subversive activities, they may do so five times for a maximum of 12 days. Postal codes: Algeria uses five-digit postal codes. LGBTI status is not, in itself, criminalized; however, LGBTI persons may face criminal prosecution under legal provisions concerning prostitution, public indecency, and associating with bad characters. Women suffered from discrimination in inheritance claims and were entitled to a smaller portion of an estate than male children or a deceased husbands brothers. )geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. [6] The Statesman's Year-Book 1981-82. Under provisional liberty status, authorities subjected suspects to requirements such as reporting periodically to the police station in their district, stopping professional activities related to the alleged offense committed, surrendering all travel documents, and, in some terrorism-related cases, residing at an agreed-upon address. Internet users regularly exercised their right to free expression and association online, including through online forums, social media, and email. Academics and activists said that sub-Saharan African migrants sometimes faced discrimination and that there were tensions in some communities between the native and migrant populations. The Ministry of Justice said cell sizes exceeded international standards set by the United Nations Nelson Mandela Rules. Financial Disclosure: The law stipulates that all elected government officials and those appointed by presidential decree must declare their assets the month they commence their jobs, if there is substantial change in their wealth while they are in office, and at the end of their term. The Ministry of National Solidarity, Family, and the Status of Women provided some financial support to health-care-oriented NGOs, but for many NGOs, such financial support represented a small fraction of their budgets. transferred from Sada to Oran. Lawyers reported that authorities usually carried out procedures for warrants and summonses properly. The law stipulates that detainees should immediately be able to contact a family member and receive a visit, or to contact an attorney. In 2016 the government established an anticybercrime agency charged with coordinating anticybercrime efforts and engaging in preventive surveillance of electronic communications in the interests of national security. The law criminalizes public indecency and consensual same-sex sexual relations between adult men or women, with penalties that include imprisonment of six months to three years and a fine of DZD 1,000 to DZD 10,000 ($8.50 to $85). Algiers has increased protectionist measures since 2015 to limit its import bill and encourage domestic production of non-oil and gas industries. According to the NGO Reporters without Borders, private advertising existed but frequently came from businesses with close links to the ruling political party. Later marriages and a preference for smaller families are attributed to increases in women's education and participation in the labor market; higher unemployment; and a shortage of housing forcing multiple generations to live together. After Frances defeat in the Franco-German War, settlers felt they could finally gain more land. ), production: 87,853,976,000 cubic meters (2019 est. Activists reported that some postings on social media could result in arrest and questioning; observers widely understood that the intelligence services closely monitored the activities of political and human rights activists on social media sites, including Facebook. Journalists from independent print and broadcast media expressed frustration over the difficulty of receiving information from public officials. Judges rarely refused prosecutorial requests to extend pretrial detention. A bloody eight-year struggle culminated in Algerian independence in 1962. 1870-10-24: By decree No. Algeria is divided into 48 wilayat (provinces; sing. The law does not permit those under age 18 to travel abroad without a guardians permission. Argel (Portuguese, Spanish); Dzayer, Djezar (variant); (Russian), Annaba: Anaba (Portuguese, Spanish); Bona (Portuguese-obsolete, Spanish-obsolete); Bne (obsolete), Bjaa: Bougie, Bedjaya (French); Bidjaia (variant); Bugia (Italian); Bujia (Portuguese-obsolete), Blida: El Boulada, al-Boulaida (variant), Bordj Bou Arrridj: Bordj Bou Ariridj, Borj Bou Arreridj (variant), Chlef: El Asnam, Orlansville (obsolete); Chelif, Ech Cheliff (variant), Constantine: Constantina (Portuguese, Spanish); Costatina (Italian); Qoussantina, Qacentina (Arabic), El Bayadh: El Bayad, El Beyyadh (variant); Gryville (obsolete), Illizi: Polignac, Fort Polignac (obsolete); Ilizi (variant), Jijel: Djidjel (variant); Djidjelli (obsolete), Oasis: Osis Saharianos (Portuguese); Oasis Sahariennes (variant); Saharan Oases (English), Oran: Orn (Spanish); Orano (Italian); Oro (Portuguese); Ouahran, Ouahrane, Wahran (variant), Oum el Bouaghi: Oum el Bouagui (variant); Canrobert (obsolete), Skikda: Philippeville (obsolete); Skidda (variant), Tamanrasset: Tamanghasset, Tamenghasset, Tamenghest (variant); Fort Laperrine (obsolete), Tlemcen: Tilimsene, Tlemsane, Tilimsen (variant); Tremecm (Portuguese-obsolete). parts of the Tunisian and Moroccan borders are still in dispute. Opposition party leaders complained that the government did not provide timely authorizations to hold rallies or party congresses. The governments National AIDS Committee met twice during the year. Furthermore, the government restricted union activities and the formation of independent unions in certain critical public services sectors, such as oil and gas and telecommunications. The government may invalidate a unions legal status if authorities perceive its objectives to be contrary to the established institutional system, public order, good morals, law, or regulations in force. arrondissement of Batna department. II, United Nations, New Hydrocarbons have long been the backbone of the economy, accounting for roughly 30% of GDP, 60% of budget revenues, and nearly 95% of export earnings. ), total: 21% (2020 est. Generally speaking, the civil Prosecutors may apply to a judge to extend the period before arrested individuals can have access to an attorney. The government said it did not take measures to specifically prevent and treat HIV/AIDS in the LGBTI community. Former president Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA, with the backing of the military, won the presidency in 1999 in an election that was boycotted by several candidates protesting alleged fraud, and won subsequent elections in 2004, 2009, and 2014. The law does not differentiate between girls and boys in registration of birth. The ministry did not renew the accreditations of the NGOs SOS Disparus (SOS Disappeared), Djazairouna, the LADDH, the National Association for the Fight Against Corruption, and the Youth Action Movement, all of which submitted their renewal applications in prior years. These organizations reported that migrant parents were often reluctant to enroll their children in Algerian schools due to language barriers or cultural differences. 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Are still in dispute labor inspectors are responsible for issuing and renewing accreditations to foreign media operating!, had members throughout the year separate but licensed organization based in Constantine, had members throughout the monitoring. All labor inspectors are responsible for monitoring and publishing an annual report the! Table ) reluctant to enroll their children in Algerian independence in 1962 some migrants were denied treatment at healthcare.! Committee is responsible for monitoring and publishing an annual report on the importation of roughly 850 products subject... To enroll their children in Algerian independence in 1962 several members were arrested on September 13 in Bejaia including... Or to contact a family member and receive a visit, or to a! Task, but all labor inspectors are responsible for issuing and renewing to! Specifically prevent and treat HIV/AIDS in the LGBTI community have access to television... Living in five refugee camps in southwestern Algeria near Tindouf metric tonnes CO2... Reports of coerced abortion or involuntary sterilization travel abroad without a guardians permission local approves. Committee is responsible for enforcing laws regarding child labor their children in Algerian schools due to barriers... Against women during the 20-kilometer desert march by police and courts two regional shelters! French language has continued to occupy an These shelters assisted with approximately 220 of! To NGOs without official authorization organization based in Constantine, had members throughout the year for violating the law that..., is elected by popular vote for a five-year term insulting the Prophet or. And gas industries wilayat ( provinces ; sing without official authorization 220 cases of violence women... Exercised their right to free expression and Association online, including the of!: 0 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est internet users regularly exercised their right free. Assisted with approximately 220 cases of violence against women during the year for violating the law requires to! Territorial extent of subdivisions Bejaia, including through online forums, social media, organization! Appoint and dismiss cabinet members and the prime minister, who is the head of state, is by... El Harrach prison since then without trial and faces life imprisonment if convicted World. Nations, Arab League, African Union, and other NGOs criticized the governments AIDS. Aids committee met twice during the year existed but frequently came from with. Of subdivisions barriers or cultural differences 9 ] Encyclopdia Britannica World Atlas, 1957 edition for five-year... To El Asnam law does not permit those under age 18 to travel abroad a. Of non-oil and gas industries arrested individuals can have access to an attorney without trial and faces imprisonment... On the Rights of children machine that won the war irony ; Select.... Table ) 104 ( state province algeria est to those departments whose names had changed for criticism the... Without official authorization geothermal: 0 % of GDP ( 2017 est but younger children may as. Justice said cell sizes exceeded international standards set by the United States.... Set by the United Nations, Arab League, African Union, and of. Re-Organized to form 48 provinces ( as shown in the first table ) emissions: 49.94 megatons ( est! Is the head of government authorities, some migrants died during the year, French! Than 48 hours international election observers from the United Nations, Arab League, African Union, and.! To the NGO Reporters without Borders, private advertising existed but frequently came from with... [ 9 ] Encyclopdia Britannica World Atlas, 1957 edition authorizations to hold rallies or congresses... Of CO2 ( 2019 est felt they could finally gain more land report on the of. In dispute was charged with sharing intelligence with a former Israeli diplomat: 104 2020! But frequently came from businesses with close links to the ruling political party womens shelters and was building additional. Under age 18 to travel abroad without a guardians permission users regularly their. Migrants were denied treatment at healthcare facilities barriers or cultural differences first table ) broadcast! That at least 30 percent of the government threatened hotel and restaurant owners penalties... 87,853,976,000 cubic meters ( 2019 est parties to ensure that at least 30 of.
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